Keeb Kwm Ntawm TUNGSTEN siv

Keeb Kwm Ntawm TUNGSTEN siv

Kev tshawb nrhiav hauv kev siv tungsten tuaj yeem txuas nrog rau plaub qhov chaw: tshuaj, hlau thiab super alloys, filaments, thiab carbides.

 1847: Tungsten ntsev yog siv los ua cov paj rwb xim thiab ua cov khaub ncaws siv rau kev ua yeeb yam thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob.

 1855: Cov txheej txheem Bessemer tau tsim, tso cai rau kev tsim cov hlau loj. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, thawj tungsten steels tau ua hauv Austria.

 1895: Thomas Edison tshawb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv muaj peev xwm fluoresce thaum raug X-rays, thiab pom tias calcium tungstate yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws.

 1900: High Speed ​​Steel, tshwj xeeb sib xyaw ntawm cov hlau thiab tungsten, tau nthuav tawm ntawm World Exhibition hauv Paris. Nws tuav nws hardness ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, zoo meej rau siv hauv cov cuab yeej thiab machining.

 1903: Filaments nyob rau hauv lub teeb thiab teeb pom kev zoo yog thawj zaug siv tungsten uas tau siv los ntawm nws qhov siab melting point thiab nws cov hluav taws xob conductivity. Qhov teeb meem nkaus xwb? Kev sim thaum ntxov pom tias tungsten yuav nkig heev rau kev siv dav.

 1909: William Coolidge thiab nws pab neeg ntawm General Electric hauv Teb Chaws Asmeskas tau ua tiav hauv kev tshawb pom cov txheej txheem uas tsim cov tungsten filaments los ntawm kev kho cua sov thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo.

 1911: Cov Txheej Txheem Coolidge yog kev lag luam, thiab nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm luv luv tungsten teeb pom kev zoo thoob plaws ntiaj teb nruab nrog cov xov hlau tungsten.

 1913: Ib qho tsis txaus ntawm cov pob zeb diamond hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees thaum WWII ua rau cov kws tshawb fawb nrhiav lwm txoj hauv kev rau pob zeb diamond tuag, uas yog siv los kos hlau.

 1914: "Nws yog kev ntseeg ntawm qee cov tub rog Allied kws txawj hais tias nyob rau hauv rau lub hlis lub teb chaws Yelemees yuav tag nrho cov mos txwv. Cov phoojywg tau pom sai sai no tias lub teb chaws Yelemees tau nce nws qhov kev tsim cov foob pob hluav taws thiab rau ib lub sijhawm tau tshaj cov khoom tsim tawm ntawm Cov Neeg Ntseeg. Qhov kev hloov pauv yog ib feem vim nws siv tungsten high-speed steel thiab tungsten txiav cov cuab yeej. Rau qhov iab xav tsis thoob ntawm cov neeg Askiv, cov tungsten yog li siv, nws tau pom tom qab, los ntawm lawv cov Cornish Mines hauv Cornwall. " - Los ntawm KC Li's 1947 phau ntawv "TUNGSTEN"

 1923: Lub tuam txhab German hluav taws xob teeb xa tawm patent rau tungsten carbide, lossis hardmetal. Nws yog tsim los ntawm "cementing" nyuaj heev tungsten monocarbide (WC) nplej nyob rau hauv ib tug binder matrix ntawm tawv cobalt hlau los ntawm cov kua theem sintering.

Cov txiaj ntsig tau hloov pauv keeb kwm ntawm tungsten: cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke siab zog, toughness thiab siab hardness. Qhov tseeb, tungsten carbide nyuaj heev, tsuas yog cov khoom siv ntuj uas tuaj yeem khawb nws yog pob zeb diamond. (Carbide yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws siv rau tungsten niaj hnub no.)

Xyoo 1930s: Cov ntawv thov tshiab tau tshwm sim rau tungsten tebchaw hauv kev lag luam roj rau hydrotreating ntawm cov roj crude.

 1940: Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm hlau, npib tsib xee, thiab cobalt-based superalloys pib, los ua kom tiav qhov xav tau ntawm cov khoom siv uas tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kub tsis txaus ntawm cov tshuab dav hlau.

 1942: Thaum Ntiaj Teb Tsov Rog Zaum II, cov neeg German yog thawj tus siv tungsten carbide core hauv siab tshaj tawm armor tho qhov projectiles. British tanks zoo li "melted" thaum ntaus los ntawm cov tungsten carbide projectiles.

 1945: Kev muag khoom txhua xyoo ntawm cov teeb pom kev zoo yog 795 lab ib xyoos hauv Asmeskas

 Xyoo 1950: Los ntawm lub sijhawm no, tungsten tau ntxiv rau hauv superalloys los txhim kho lawv cov kev ua tau zoo.

 Xyoo 1960: Cov catalysts tshiab tau yug los muaj cov tungsten tebchaw los kho cov pa pa hauv kev lag luam roj.

 1964: Kev txhim kho hauv kev ua tau zoo thiab tsim cov teeb pom kev zoo txo ​​tus nqi ntawm kev muab cov teeb pom kev zoo los ntawm ib qho ntawm peb caug, piv nrog cov nqi ntawm kev qhia txog Edison lub teeb pom kev zoo.

 2000: Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, kwv yees li 20 billion meters ntawm lub teeb hluav taws xob tau kos txhua xyoo, qhov ntev uas sib haum mus txog 50 npaug ntawm lub ntiaj teb-hli deb. Teeb pom kev zoo siv 4% thiab 5% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom siv tungsten.

TUNGSTEN Hnub no

Niaj hnub no, tungsten carbide yog dav heev, thiab nws cov kev siv xws li hlau txiav, machining ntawm ntoo, yas, composites, thiab mos ceramics, chipless forming (kub thiab txias), mining, kev tsim kho, pob zeb drilling, structural qhov chaw, hnav qhov chaw thiab tub rog Cheebtsam. .

Tungsten steel alloys kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov foob pob hluav taws cav nozzles, uas yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo. Super-alloys uas muaj tungsten yog siv nyob rau hauv turbine hniav thiab hnav-resistant qhov chaw thiab coatings.

Txawm li cas los xij, tib lub sijhawm, txoj kev kav ntawm lub teeb taws teeb tau xaus rau tom qab 132 xyoo, raws li lawv pib mus rau theem tawm hauv Asmeskas thiab Canada.